Every zoology question saved from this paper — all of them from Human Reproduction — grouped by sub-topic within the chapter. Each carries what was given, what was asked, the concept behind it, the steps in full, the fastest route through, and an anatomical figure wherever one makes the answer visible.
12
Questions lost
6
Attempted, wrong
6
Left blank
1
Chapter involved
All twelve come from Human Reproduction, so they are grouped here by sub-topic. On NEET marking they were worth 48 marks, and the six wrong attempts cost 6 more.
An even split — six wrong, six blank. The six wrong answers are strikingly consistent: almost every one attaches a structure or a word to the wrong partner. Sertoli for Leydig, vas deferens for vasa efferentia, glucose for fructose, paired for single. The six blanks are mostly straight recall.
Chapters in this paper — red = wrong · amber = blank · green = correct
Reproductive systems, gametogenesis and the events of pregnancy · 12 questions · 6 wrong · 6 blank
The male reproductive system
5 questions · 4 wrong · 1 blank
Q57What vasectomy blocksMarked wrong
Vasectomy involves cutting and tying a small part of both vasa deferentia. This prevents the transport of sperm from
KEYepididymis to urethra
seminiferous tubules to rete testis
MARKEDvasa efferentia to epididymis
urethra to ejaculatory duct
Given
The vas deferens is cut and tied on both sides.
Asked
Between which two structures sperm transport is blocked.
Concept to use
The answer is fixed by where the cut sits in the duct sequence. Sperm travels: seminiferous tubules → rete testis → vasa efferentia → epididymis → vas deferens → ejaculatory duct → urethra. Cutting the vas deferens blocks the journey at that point, so sperm can still reach the epididymis but can go no further towards the urethra. Everything upstream of the cut continues working normally.
Write out the duct sequence in order — the question is unanswerable without it.
Locate the cut: the vas deferens, which lies immediately after the epididymis.
Everything before the cut still functions: sperm is still made and still reaches the epididymis.
What is prevented is onward movement from the epididymis towards the urethra.
Answer: transport from the epididymis to the urethra is blocked.
Answer
epididymis to urethra
Shortcut
Name the structure just before the cut and the structure at the end of the road. The blocked segment always runs from the last structure sperm can still reach to the exit. Here that is epididymis → urethra, and the same logic gives the answer for tubectomy (oviduct blocked, so ovary → uterus).
Where it went wrong
“Vasa efferentia to epididymis” is a real segment, but it lies upstream of the cut — sperm still travels it freely. The similarity of the names vasa efferentia and vas deferens is what the question is exploiting. They are different structures at different points: vasa efferentia carry sperm out of the testis into the epididymis; the vas deferens carries it away from the epididymis.
Q59What the interstitial spaces containMarked wrong
Interstitial spaces of human testes do not contain
KEYSertoli cells
Leydig cells
immunocompetent cells
MARKEDblood vessels
Given
The interstitial (intertubular) spaces of the human testis.
Asked
Which listed component is not found there.
Concept to use
The testis has two compartments and every cell type belongs to exactly one. Inside the seminiferous tubules: the germ cells at various stages, and the Sertoli cells that nurse them. Outside, in the interstitial spaces between tubules: Leydig cells, blood vessels and immunocompetent cells. Sertoli cells are anchored to the basement membrane inside the tubule, so they are the one item on the list that cannot be interstitial.
Leydig cells lie in the interstitial spaces and secrete androgens. Present.
Blood vessels run between the tubules to supply them — they cannot be inside the tubule lumen. Present.
Immunocompetent cells are explicitly listed by NCERT as occupying the interstitial spaces. Present.
Sertoli cells sit on the inner wall of the seminiferous tubule and extend towards the lumen, nourishing the germ cells. Not interstitial.
Answer: Sertoli cells.
Answer
Sertoli cells
Shortcut
Sort by first letter: Sertoli sits inSide the tubule; Leydig Lies outside, in the interstitial space. That one mnemonic answers this question, Q86 in the same paper, and most questions in this chapter about the testis.
Where it went wrong
Blood vessels were chosen, probably on the reasoning that vessels belong to the circulatory system rather than the testis. But the interstitial space is precisely where the blood supply runs — Leydig cells need it to release androgens into the circulation. Note also this is a “do NOT contain” question: three of the four options are things that are present, so the odd one out is the answer.
Q75Male accessory glands and their secretionsMarked wrong
Which of the following statements regarding the male accessory glands and their secretions in humans is/are correct? A. The seminal vesicles secrete a fluid rich in glucose, calcium, and certain enzymes. B. The paired prostate glands contribute to the formation of seminal plasma. C. The bulbourethral glands secrete a fluid that helps in the lubrication of the penis. D. The seminal plasma is secreted by the seminal vesicles alone.
A and C
B and D
MARKEDC and D
KEYC only
Given
Four statements about the male accessory glands.
Asked
Which statements are correct.
Concept to use
Three precise details carry this question. The male accessory glands are a pair of seminal vesicles, a single prostate, and a pair of bulbourethral glands — note that the prostate is unpaired. Their combined secretion is the seminal plasma, which is rich in fructose, calcium and certain enzymes — not glucose. And “combined” matters: no single gland makes the seminal plasma by itself.
A. The sugar in seminal plasma is fructose, not glucose. One word wrong makes the whole statement wrong. Incorrect.
B. The prostate does contribute to seminal plasma, but it is a single gland, not paired. The word “paired” falsifies it. Incorrect.
C. The bulbourethral glands secrete a lubricating fluid that aids the penis during coitus. Correct.
D. Seminal plasma comes from all three sets of glands, not the seminal vesicles alone. Incorrect.
Answer: C only.
Answer
C only
Shortcut
Scan for the three words that are habitually swapped in this topic — fructose/glucose, paired/single, and alone/together. Each of A, B and D fails on exactly one of them. Checking those three words is faster than evaluating the biology of each statement.
Where it went wrong
Statement D was accepted, but it directly contradicts statement B — if the prostate contributes to seminal plasma, the seminal vesicles cannot be producing it alone. Two statements in the same list that contradict each other cannot both be true, and here noticing that would have flagged D immediately. The word “alone” is doing the same job as “always” elsewhere in these papers.
Q84Semen and the female reproductive systemNot attempted
Given below are two statements. Statement I: The seminal plasma, along with the sperms, constitutes the semen. Statement II: The parts of the female reproductive system, along with a pair of mammary glands, are integrated structurally and functionally to support the processes of ovulation, fertilisation, pregnancy, birth, and childcare.
Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct.
KEYBoth statement I and statement II are correct.
Both statement I and statement II are incorrect.
Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect.
Given
Statement I — a definition of semen.
Statement II — a description of the female reproductive system.
Asked
The truth value of each statement.
Concept to use
Both are near-verbatim NCERT statements, and each is checked separately. Semen is defined as sperm suspended in seminal plasma. And the female system is described as the ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, vagina and external genitalia together with a pair of mammary glands, integrated to support the whole sequence from ovulation through to childcare — the mammary glands are included precisely because childcare is on that list.
Statement I. Semen is the ejaculated fluid, made of spermatozoa suspended in seminal plasma from the accessory glands. Stated correctly. True.
Statement II. Check whether the mammary glands genuinely belong. The list of processes ends with childcare, which is exactly what the mammary glands serve. Their inclusion is deliberate and correct. True.
Check the list of processes too: ovulation, fertilisation, pregnancy, birth and childcare — all supported by the female system as described.
Both statements are correct.
Answer
Both statement I and statement II are correct.
Shortcut
When a statement includes an item that feels like an outsider — here, mammary glands inside the reproductive system — check whether the sentence also names a function that item serves. “Childcare” is on the list, so the glands belong. That test distinguishes a genuine inclusion from a planted error.
The two statements are unrelated to each other — one about the male system, one about the female. Nothing here claims a link, so each is judged alone. This is a statement pair, not an assertion–reason pair.
Q86Which cell does what in the testisMarked wrong
Which of the following statements is correct?
Leydig cells provide nutrition to the germ cells.
Sertoli cells synthesise and secrete testicular hormones called androgens.
MARKEDMale sex accessory ducts synthesise, store and transport the sperms.
KEYMale accessory glands secrete seminal plasma.
Given
Four statements about the cells and structures of the male reproductive system.
Asked
The correct statement.
Concept to use
Three jobs must be kept attached to the right structure. Sertoli cells nourish the germ cells; Leydig cells secrete androgens; the accessory glands secrete seminal plasma; the accessory ducts store and transport sperm but do not make it. Sperm is synthesised only in the seminiferous tubules — nowhere else.
Formula to use
Sertoli → nourish | Leydig → androgens | glands → seminal plasma | ducts → store and transport only
Baby steps
“Leydig cells provide nutrition” — that is the Sertoli cells’ job. Swapped. Wrong.
“Sertoli cells secrete androgens” — that is the Leydig cells’ job. The same swap in the other direction. Wrong.
“Ducts synthesise, store and transport sperms” — the ducts do store and transport, but they do not synthesise. The single word “synthesise” makes it false. Wrong.
“Male accessory glands secrete seminal plasma” — the seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbourethral glands together secrete seminal plasma. Correct.
Answer
Male accessory glands secrete seminal plasma.
Shortcut
The first two options are the same swap in opposite directions, so they stand or fall together — and since only one option can be correct, both must be wrong. That removes half the list in a single observation, before any recall.
Where it went wrong
The ducts option is correct in two of its three verbs, which is what makes it attractive. But sperm is synthesised only in the seminiferous tubules; the ducts merely handle it afterwards. When a statement lists several verbs, each one has to be true — a single wrong verb condemns the whole statement, exactly as “glucose” did in Q75 of this paper.
The female reproductive system
3 questions · 2 wrong · 1 blank
Q64What the birth canal consists ofMarked wrong
If the cervical canal is excluded, the remaining part of the birth canal is the
MARKEDuterus
KEYvagina
oviduct
ovary
Given
The birth canal, with the cervical canal excluded from consideration.
Asked
The remaining part of the birth canal.
Concept to use
The birth canal is the passage the baby travels through during delivery, and NCERT defines it narrowly: the cervical canal together with the vagina. The uterus is where the foetus develops, and it lies above the canal — it is the chamber, not the passage. Remove the cervical canal from a two-part structure and only one part can remain.
Formula to use
Birth canal = cervical canal + vagina → minus the cervical canal = vagina
Baby steps
Recall the definition: the cervical canal and the vagina together form the birth canal.
The question removes the cervical canal.
That leaves exactly one component: the vagina.
Check the rest: the ovary produces eggs and the oviduct is the site of fertilisation — neither is part of the delivery passage. The uterus houses the foetus but is not counted as canal.
Answer
vagina
Shortcut
The birth canal has only two named parts. A question that removes one of them is arithmetic, not anatomy — the answer is whichever part is left. Recognising this saves reading the other options at all.
Where it went wrong
The uterus was chosen, which reflects a broader everyday sense of “where the baby comes from”. NCERT’s definition is narrower and specific: the canal is cervix plus vagina. Where a textbook gives an explicit two-item definition, the exam will test that definition rather than the general impression.
Q70Matching the regions of the oviductMarked wrong
Match List–I with List–II.
List – I
List – II
A. Infundibulum
I. Wider part of the oviduct
B. Fimbriae
II. Joins the uterus
C. Ampulla
III. Close to the ovary
D. Isthmus
IV. Capture ovulated oocyte
KEYA-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
MARKEDA-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II
A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
Given
Four regions of the oviduct and four descriptions.
Asked
The correct matching.
Concept to use
The oviduct runs from the ovary to the uterus, and its parts are named in that order: infundibulum (funnel nearest the ovary, edged with fimbriae) → ampulla (the wide middle section, where fertilisation occurs) → isthmus (the narrow last stretch joining the uterus). Once the order is on the page, three of the four matches are positional and only one needs a separate fact.
A. Infundibulum — the funnel-shaped opening nearest the ovary → III, close to the ovary.
B. Fimbriae — the finger-like projections on the infundibulum whose job is to sweep up the released egg → IV, capture ovulated oocyte.
C. Ampulla — the wide middle part, and the usual site of fertilisation → I, wider part of the oviduct.
D. Isthmus — the narrow terminal section → II, joins the uterus.
Matching: A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II.
Answer
A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
Shortcut
Lock the two ends first: whatever is nearest the ovary and whatever joins the uterus are the easiest two, and fixing them usually leaves a single option standing. Here A-III and D-II together eliminate every other choice without touching B or C.
Where it went wrong
The chosen answer, A-IV B-III C-II D-I, is the correct set of matches rotated by one position — every pairing shifted along. That pattern usually means the four items were matched by their order in the list rather than by meaning. Match one item you are certain of first and use it as an anchor, rather than pairing them down the column.
Q90Matching the parts of the ovaryNot attempted
Match List–I with List–II.
List – I
List – II
A. Ovary
I. Steroid in nature
B. Ovarian ligament
II. Primary female sex organ
C. Ovarian stroma
III. Connects the ovary to the uterus
D. Ovarian hormones
IV. Encloses ovarian follicles
A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
A-IV, B-II, C-I, D-III
KEYA-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
A-I, B-IV, C-III, D-II
Given
Four ovarian terms and four descriptions.
Asked
The correct matching.
Concept to use
Three of the four items are anatomical structures and one is a secretion, so start by sorting by kind. Only one description — “steroid in nature” — can apply to a hormone rather than a structure, which fixes D immediately. The rest follow from the names themselves: a ligament connects, and stroma is the supporting tissue in which structures are embedded.
Formula to use
Ovary = primary sex organ | ligament = connector | stroma = supporting tissue | hormones = steroids
Baby steps
D. Ovarian hormones — oestrogen and progesterone are steroids → I, steroid in nature. This is the only description that fits a secretion, so it is settled first.
A. Ovary — it produces the female gamete, so it is the primary sex organ (accessory organs are the ducts and glands) → II.
B. Ovarian ligament — the name says it: a ligament attaches one structure to another → III, connects the ovary to the uterus.
C. Ovarian stroma — the connective tissue mass of the ovary, within which the follicles sit → IV, encloses ovarian follicles.
Matching: A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I.
Answer
A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
Shortcut
Sort by category before matching. One item is a secretion and one description mentions chemical nature — pair those two on sight. In matching questions, an item of a different kind from the rest is nearly always the free match, and using it as the anchor makes the remaining three nearly forced.
“Primary sex organ” means the gamete-producing organ — ovary in the female, testis in the male. Everything else in the tract is a secondary or accessory organ. The distinction is asked directly in NEET more often than it is taught.
Gametogenesis
3 questions · 3 blank
Q80Spermatogenesis versus oogenesisNot attempted
Select the correct difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis in humans. Row 1 — spermatogenesis: limited number of gametes during the reproductive lifespan; oogenesis: very large number throughout life. Row 2 — spermatogenesis: unequal cytoplasmic divisions; oogenesis: equal cytoplasmic divisions. Row 3 — spermatogenesis: discontinuous, meiosis arrested; oogenesis: continuous without arrest. Row 4 — spermatogenesis: four functional gametes from one primary spermatocyte; oogenesis: one functional gamete and polar bodies from one primary oocyte.
1
2
3
KEY4
Given
Four proposed differences, presented as a two-column table.
Asked
Which row states the difference correctly.
Concept to use
Every row here is a genuine difference — but three of them have the two columns swapped. The reliable way through is to state each difference correctly in your own head first, then check which row matches. Sperm are made continuously and in enormous numbers from puberty, with equal cytoplasmic division producing four functional gametes; eggs are a fixed stock formed before birth, divided unequally to conserve cytoplasm, and arrested twice during meiosis.
Row 1. Sperm are produced in vast numbers continuously; eggs are a limited stock fixed before birth. The row states the reverse. Wrong.
Row 2. Spermatogenesis divides cytoplasm equally; oogenesis divides it unequally, giving one large ovum and tiny polar bodies. Reversed. Wrong.
Row 3. Spermatogenesis is continuous once it begins; oogenesis is arrested — in prophase I until puberty, and again in metaphase II until fertilisation. Reversed. Wrong.
Row 4. One primary spermatocyte → four functional sperms; one primary oocyte → one ovum plus polar bodies. Correct.
Answer: 4.
Answer
4
Shortcut
Use the unequal division as your anchor, because it explains everything else: the egg hoards cytoplasm for the future embryo, so only one functional gamete emerges from oogenesis while spermatogenesis yields four. Any row claiming equal division for oogenesis, or four gametes from an oocyte, is reversed.
Rows 1–3 are all correct statements with the columns exchanged, which makes them feel familiar and therefore plausible. Read the column heading, not just the content.
Q87Sequence of oogenesis and follicular developmentNot attempted
Which of the following represents the correct sequence in oogenesis and follicular development?
Six terms covering both the germ cell and the follicle around it.
Asked
The correct developmental sequence.
Concept to use
The sequence interleaves two parallel stories — the cell (oogonium → primary oocyte → secondary oocyte) and the follicle around it (primary → secondary → tertiary → Graafian). Both run from simple to complex, and the cell stage always precedes the follicle stages listed here, because the primary oocyte is already formed before birth while the follicles mature afterwards.
Two checks kill three options without recalling the full sequence. First, the sequence must start with the oogonium — nothing precedes it — which removes two options. Second, the Graafian follicle is always last, since it is what ruptures at ovulation; that removes the option placing tertiary after Graafian.
The secondary oocyte appears only at ovulation, so any sequence placing it before the primary oocyte is impossible. That single fact is enough to eliminate the first option on its own.
Q88What spermiation isNot attempted
Read the following statement having two blanks (A and B). Spermiation is the release of ___(A)___ from ___(B)___ into the lumen of seminiferous tubules. The one correct option for the two blanks is
A–spermatozoa, B–Leydig cells
KEYA–spermatozoa, B–Sertoli cells
A–spermatids, B–Leydig cells
A–spermatids, B–Sertoli cells
Given
Spermiation is the release of (A) from (B) into the lumen of the seminiferous tubules.
Asked
The correct pair for the two blanks.
Concept to use
Two similar-sounding terms must be separated. Spermiogenesis is the transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa — a change of shape. Spermiation is what happens next: the finished spermatozoa are released from the Sertoli cells into the lumen — a change of place. Because the shape change comes first, by the time spermiation occurs the cells are already spermatozoa, not spermatids.
Formula to use
Spermatid —spermiogenesis→ spermatozoon —spermiation→ lumen of tubule
Baby steps
Blank B first, since it is the easier one. Sertoli cells lie inside the seminiferous tubule and hold the developing germ cells; Leydig cells are outside in the interstitial space and could not release anything into the lumen. So B = Sertoli cells.
That removes both Leydig options at once.
Blank A. Spermiogenesis has already converted the spermatids into spermatozoa before release.
So A = spermatozoa.
Answer: A–spermatozoa, B–Sertoli cells.
Answer
A–spermatozoa, B–Sertoli cells
Shortcut
In a two-blank question, fill the blank you are surer of first and use it to eliminate. Here “into the lumen” forces B to be a cell inside the tubule, which settles B without thinking about A at all — and that alone halves the options.
The word ending carries the meaning: -genesis means formation (spermiogenesis, a change of form), -ation here means release (spermiation, a change of location). The same pair is worth keeping alongside spermatogenesis, the whole process from spermatogonium to spermatozoon.
Events of reproduction
1 question · 1 blank
Q89Matching the events of reproductionNot attempted
Match List–I with List–II.
List – I
List – II
A. Parturition
I. Attachment of blastocyst to endometrium
B. Gestation
II. Release of egg from Graafian follicle
C. Ovulation
III. Delivery of baby from uterus
D. Implantation
IV. Duration between conception and birth
E. Conception
V. Permanent cessation of menstrual cycles
VI. Formation of zygote by fusion of egg and sperm
A-II, B-III, C-V, D-I, E-IV
A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I, E-VI
A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I, E-V
KEYA-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I, E-VI
Given
Five terms in List I and six descriptions in List II — one description is spare.
Asked
The correct matching.
Concept to use
Each term here is defined by a single event, and the terms are close to their everyday meanings. The one deliberate feature is that List II has six entries for five terms: “permanent cessation of menstrual cycles” is menopause, which does not appear in List I at all. Spotting the spare early stops you from forcing it into a slot.
Formula to use
Conception → implantation → gestation → parturition, with ovulation preceding all of them
Baby steps
A. Parturition — the act of giving birth → III, delivery of baby from uterus.
B. Gestation — the pregnancy period → IV, duration between conception and birth.
C. Ovulation — the release of the egg → II, release of egg from Graafian follicle.
D. Implantation — the blastocyst embedding in the uterine wall → I, attachment of blastocyst to endometrium.
E. Conception — fertilisation forming the zygote → VI, formation of zygote.
V (cessation of menstrual cycles) is menopause — the spare entry, matched to nothing.
Matching: A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I, E-VI.
Answer
A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I, E-VI
Shortcut
Count the two lists before starting. Six descriptions against five terms means one is a decoy, and identifying it — menopause — immediately kills every option that uses V. Here that leaves only two options, and a single further match decides between them.
Two of the options differ only in whether E is matched to V or VI. When two options differ in one position, that position is where the question is actually being decided — check it first rather than working through from A.
What the twelve have in common
One chapter, six wrong and six blank. The wrong answers cluster tightly: almost every
one is a structure or a word attached to the wrong partner.
1 · Two structures with similar names swapped — Q57, Q59, Q86
Vas deferens confused with vasa efferentia (Q57). Sertoli placed outside the tubule
instead of inside (Q59), and the same Sertoli/Leydig pair swapped again in Q86.
Fix: one mnemonic covers all three — Sertoli sits
inSide the tubule, Leydig Lies
outside. And for the ducts, write the full chain once: tubules → rete testis
→ vasa efferentia → epididymis → vas deferens → urethra.
2 · One wrong word inside an otherwise correct sentence — Q75, Q86
Q75 statement A says the seminal plasma is rich in glucose — it is
fructose. Statement B calls the prostate paired — it is single. Statement D
says the seminal vesicles secrete the plasma alone. Q86’s duct option says
the ducts synthesise sperm. In each case one word condemns the whole statement.
Fix: in a statement question, check every noun and adjective, not the general
sense — and remember that two statements contradicting each other (B and D here)
cannot both be true.
3 · A matching set rotated by one — Q70
The answer chosen for the oviduct match was the correct set shifted one position along,
which usually means items were paired by their order in the column rather than by
meaning. Fix: anchor on the one pairing you are certain of — here
“joins the uterus” must be the isthmus — and build outwards from it.
4 · The six blanks are mostly recall, not reasoning
Q84 is two textbook sentences to verify. Q88 is a two-blank fill where “into the
lumen” settles one blank on its own. Q89 and Q90 are matching questions where a
single anchor forces the rest. Q87 is a sequence with a fixed first and last term.
Between them these six were worth 24 marks and needed no calculation at all.
Five anchors that cover the chapter
Inside the tubule: germ cells and Sertoli cells.
Outside: Leydig cells, blood vessels, immunocompetent cells. (Q59, Q86)
Seminal plasma comes from all three accessory glands and is rich in
fructose, calcium and enzymes. Semen = sperms + seminal plasma. (Q75, Q84, Q86)
Birth canal = cervical canal + vagina — the uterus is not part
of it. (Q64)
Oogenesis divides cytoplasm unequally, which is why one oocyte gives
one ovum while one spermatocyte gives four sperms. (Q80, Q87)
The correct option is marked KEY and the option selected in the test is marked MARKED; questions with no marked option were left unattempted. All anatomical figures have been drawn fresh for these notes and are schematic, showing relationships and order rather than true proportions.